Hasan Soyer

M-Codes are used to signal an action from a miscellaneous group of commands.

M-Codes control the overall machine, causing it to stop, start, turn on coolant, etc. Whereas other codes pertain to the path traversed by cutting tools. Different machine tools may use the same code to perform different functions; even machines that use the same CNC control.

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G-Code, or preparatory code or function, are functions in the Numerical control programming language. The G-codes are the codes that position the tool and do the actual work, as opposed to M-codes, that manages the machine; T for tool-related codes. S and F are tool-Speed and tool-Feed, and finally D-codes for tool compensation.

The programming language of Numerical Control (NC) is sometimes informally called G-code. But in actuality, G-codes are only a part of the NC-programming language that controls NC and CNC machine tools. The term Numerical Control was coined at the MIT Servomechanisms Laboratory, and several versions of NC were and are still developed independently by CNC-machine manufacturers.

The main standardized version used in the United States was settled by the Electronic Industries Alliance in the early 1960s. A final revision was approved in February 1980 as RS274D. In Europe, the ISO standard DIN 66025 is often used instead.

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Mechatronics (or Mechanical and Electronics Engineering) is the combination of mechanical engineering, electronic engineering and software engineering. The purpose of this interdisciplinary engineering field is the study of automata from an engineering perspective and serves the purposes of controlling advanced hybrid systems. The word itself is a portmanteau of ‘Mechanics’ and ‘Electronics’.

Mechatronics is centered on mechanics, electronics, control engineering, computing, molecular engineering (from nanochemistry and biology) which, combined, make possible the generation of simpler, more economical, reliable and versatile systems. The portmanteau “Mechatronics” was first coined by Mr. Tetsuro Mori, a senior engineer of the Japanese company Yaskawa, in 1969. Mechatronics may alternatively be referred to as “electromechanical systems” or less often as “control and automation engineering”.

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Devrim was the first ever automobile designed and produced in Turkey.

In 1961, Turkish President Cemal Gürsel ordered 24 engineers working in various companies, including Necmettin Erbakan, who became Prime Minister in the 1990s, to build a car fully designed and produced in Turkey. It was to be demonstrated during the Republic Day celebrations on October 29, 1961.

After four and a half months of hasty labor in the workshop, which later became the TÜLOMSAŞ factory, the engineers managed to make four prototypes of the automobile. One was black, and the others were cream. It was named Devrim (the Turkish word for Revolution).

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Devrim’in Hikayesi

16 Haziran 1961 günü Devlet Demiryolları Fabrikaları ve Cer Dairelerinin yönetici ve mühendislerinden 20 kadarı Ankara’da bir toplantıya çağrıldılar.

Toplantıya başkanlık eden Genel Müdür Yardımcısı Emin BOZOĞLU, Ulaştırma Bakanlığından alınan bir yazıyı okudu.

Yazıda “Ordunun cadde binek ihtiyacını karşılayacak bir otomobil tipinin geliştirilmesi” görevinin TCDD İşletmesine verildiği ve bu amaçla 1.400.000.- TL ödenek ayrıldığı belirtiliyordu.

Verilen teslim tarihi 29 Ekim 1961, yani tanınan süre 4,5 aydı. Bu süre içinde bu çapta bir geliştirme çalışması yapılabilir miydi? Bırakınız geliştirmeyi, hiçten yola çıkarak, çalışabilecek bir otomobil yapılabilir, böyle bir mucize gerçekleştirilebilir miydi? Toplantıda söz alanların çoğu böyle bir projede seve seve çalışmaya hazır olduklarını, fakat böylesine kısa bir sürede sonuç alınabileceğini sanmadıklarını dile getirmeye çalışmış, bir kısmı da “hayır” demişlerdi.

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